「失敗の科学」という本を読みました

これ、とってもいい本でおススメです!

読んだきっかけは、弊社に内定が決まった学生さんが

「この本を読んでアルバイトの改善をしました。」

というような話をしてくれたことです。

この本では航空業界と医療業界が取り上げられて比較されています。

飛行機の事故があると、どのようなことがあって事故にいたったのか、非常に細かく調べられます。

しかし、医療業界での医療事故があると、あまり調べられない。

医療ミスって皆さんが思うより頻繁に起きてるそうですね。

その結果、飛行機は事故率 0.0009%の非常に安全な乗り物になる一方、今日も医療事故で命を落とす人は多くいます。

イギリスでの調査では、10人に1人は医療過誤によりなんらかの健康被害を受けているそうです。

それほどまでに医療過誤は多いのに、失敗を振り返って分析するということがあまりにも行われていません。

 

さて、つまり何が言いたいのかというと、

「失敗を分析して対策しないと繰り返す」

ということなんですよ。

当たり前じゃん と思うかもしれませんが、この当たり前のことができている組織ってどれぐらいあるでしょうか?

医療過誤は、分析されていないから減らないそうです。

また、本書では

「失敗を報告しても、その人の責任を追及しない」

ことも必要だといいます。失敗を叱責されるとわかっていると失敗を隠蔽する組織になるからです。

また、何かを記録することが必要ですね。それは、ビデオとか音声テープとか、書類とかそういうものがよさそうです。
人の認知というのは、事実を後でゆがめてしまうものだからです。

誰でも、失敗を認めたくない。

のですが、失敗することが成功への近道なんですよね。

「そんなバカな!成功するということは、完璧な計画があって、それにそって組み立てられるもの!」

というのがよくないらしいです。

計画というのは絵にかいた餅であって、大体その通りに進まないので、試してみることが必要だそうです。

「人々は複雑な現実を単純にとらえすぎている。」

わかる~。

成功するだろうといわれて投資家から巨額の投資を得たスタートアップ、マーケティング時点では成功しそうだった新製品、その中でどれだけが生き残ったでしょうか。

 

非難しない、ということも大切なことだそうです。

どうやら、人間は人を非難したい生き物らしい。悲しいサガですね(>_<)

組織の中の仕事やプロジェクトが失敗すると、

「○○さんが悪かった」

とかいう話になりがちですね。そういうストーリーが受け入れやすいかららしいです。
本当は、もっと細かく分析したり対策すれば、建設的に次の失敗を防げるかもしれないのに、それが阻まれてしまいます。

あるいは、まったくその裏返しで、失敗を分析しようとする過程で

「なぜ私が責められるんですか!私が悪いというのですか!!」

という感情的な展開になり、

「いやいや、〇〇さんは悪くないから…。…。(面倒なことになったな)。まぁ、この件に関してはタイミングが悪かったよね。」

というなぁなぁな展開になることもあります。

人を責めるというのがとにかくよくないし、責められたと感じてしまってキレたりするのもよくないですよね。

 

他にこの本に書かれていたことで印象的だったのが、

「プロジェクトの6段階

1.期待
2.幻滅
3.  パニック
4.  犯人捜し
5.  無実の人を処罰
6.無関係な人を称賛

というくだりです。

仕事ではもちろん、これ、趣味のサークル・部活・転職・友人・恋人関係などでもよく見かけませんか?

最初はいいところばかり見えていても、中に入ったり親しくなればイヤなところももちろんあって、それで
「悪いのはあの人」
となって、その人を糾弾し→無関係の人がよく見えてきて、その人間関係を離れていく…。

ということがよくありますよね。

安易な

「○○さんが悪い」

というのはやめた方がいいですね。

 

私なりにまとめると

1.失敗は成功のために欠かせないので恐れない

2.失敗は原因をしっかり分析して繰り返さないようにしよう 安易な原因の推測で終わらせない

3.  失敗を責めることは失敗の隠蔽につながるのでやめよう

というところでしょうか。

 

とにかくよい本だったので、おススメです!

22 thoughts on 「失敗の科学」という本を読みました

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